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Chargement/Site + (The violent destruction of the co … The violent destruction of the commons of the ZAD (Zone To Defend) of Notre-Dame-des-Landes by the French government is an infamous and revolting act. The current police offensive, led by several thousand gendarmes and CRS equipped with armored vehicles and helicopters is only the exercise of the purest State violence against a set of collective practices that are in progress or in preparation. This includes their fragile material conditions (buildings, meeting places, work tools, herds), and they are now destroyed by bulldozers and police squads.Since the first day of assault on the ZAD of Notre-Dame-des-Landes, the destruction of the farm of the «Cents Noms» was a true declaration of social and political war. The destruction of this place was by no means imperative given the criteria invoked by the government in its « communication ». Nicole Klein, Prefect of Loire Region(<a href="#note1" name="retour au texte1"> 1</a>), justifies the police operation by claiming that the «Cents Noms» had not submitted an agricultural project. This is obviously false: the inhabitants of this farm were carrying an alternative agricultural project and some of them had submitted a request for regularization.What is the real reason for this destructive rage? It is not the absence of a project, it is the nature of the projects that is at stake. The State and its representatives do not support the life forms that are experimented here and now, and for the past 10 years. These life forms prefigure a society free from the ownership logic in all its dimensions. From this point of view, it is of the highest symbolic value that the inhabitants and defenders of the zone propose the Assembly of Uses to take charge of the collective management of lands and spaces from the beginning. This solution would’ve had the advantage to straightly extend the experience initiated and pursued for so many years: to make the logic of the common use which is a logic of care and nurture, or to prevail over the logic of land ownership which is a destructive and deadly logic.It is not the « Constitutional State » that defends itself, as the Prime Minister affirms, it is a State of force that wants to eliminate as quickly and completely as possible all actions that could perform the principle of the Common: associations, consumers and workers cooperatives, agricultural and craft projects, convivial modes of exchange and of life. The government wants to prevent the invention of what is a real way of producing and living by using its excessive police force. It also wants to eliminate a solidary and ecological model of life that we need today.The State shows its true face here. It is not only protecting private ownership, but it is itself completely under the logic of ownership. It is the Owner State in war against the commons. It must be defeated at all costs to preserve the treasure threatened of the commons. Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval—–Note : <a name="note1"></a>(1) The Prefect is a representative of the public authority in the department, directly appointed by the President of the Republic (and not elected as mayors).—– Original edition : <a href="http://questionmarx.typepad.fr/question-marx/2018/04/nddl-non-a-la-violence-de-letat-contre-les-communs-.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NDDL : NON A LA VIOLENCE DE L’ETAT CONTRE LES COMMUNS ! </a> Thursday, April 12 2018Translated in English by Frédéric Sultan and Alexandre Guttmanngt;NDDL : NON A LA VIOLENCE DE L’ETAT CONTRE LES COMMUNS ! </a> Thursday, April 12 2018 Translated in English by Frédéric Sultan and Alexandre Guttmann)
Chargement/Site + (<ul> Pendant toute la durée du Forum … <ul>Pendant toute la durée du Forum Social Mondial, soit du 9 au 14 août 2016, un Espace des Communs sera mis en place, voué à l’expérimentation, à l’échange et à la construction d’alternatives au modèle économique actuellement dominant, basées sur les communs. Cet espace se propose d’accueillir et de soutenir le processus de convergence stratégique des commoners et des mouvements sociaux tout au long du Forum. Il est ouvert à participation. Voici l’invitation à participer. </ul><h3 class="spip">Communs en action</h3>Les communs ont fait leur apparition dans l’espace des Forum Sociaux en 2009 à Bélem lorsque Chico Whitaker a lancé un «  appel pour la récupération des biens communs   » qui sera repris par les membres du Conseil International <a class="spip_out" href="http://bienscommuns.org/signature/appel/?a=appel" rel="external">http://bienscommuns.org/signature/appel/?a=appel</a>. Depuis cette date, les mouvements sociaux s’emparent de cette cause. A Dakar, au FSM 2011, Silke Helfrich témoigne de l’omniprésence du thème des communs au sein des ateliers et activités du Forum <a class="spip_out" href="http://commonsblog.wordpress.com/2011/02/15/wsf-dakar-shifting-from-the-logic-of-the-market-to-the-logic-of-the-commons/" rel="external">http://commonsblog.wordpress.com/2011/02/15/wsf-dakar-shifting-from-the-logic-of-the-market-to-the-logic-of-the-commons/</a>.En 2012, le Sommet mondial des Peuples à Rio en fait un slogan central : «   pour la justice sociale et écologique, contre la marchandisation de la vie et pour la défense des biens communs  » <a class="spip_out" href="http://rio20.net/en/propuestas/final-declaration-of-the-people%E2%80%99s-summit-in-rio-20" rel="external">http://rio20.net/en/propuestas/final-declaration-of-the-people%E2%80%99s-summit-in-rio-20</a>.En 2012 encore, à Montréal, les communs sont sur les drapeaux de l’une des plus grandes manifestations du « Printemps érable » au Québec lors du jour de la Terre.Depuis, les idées et les pratiques basées sur le P2P, le coopérativisme ouvert et les communs sont montées en puissance. Elles sont portées par les militants engagés dans de nombreux domaines : économie sociale et solidaire, économie numérique basée sur le P2P, lutte contre l’accaparement des terres, défense de l’eau comme bien commun, lutte contre la financiarisation du monde, contre les changements climatiques et bien d’autres encore. Elles se retrouvent au centre d’événements et de festivals qu’ils leur sont dédiés, comme Afropixel (Dakar, 2012), Pixelache Festival (Helsinki, 2014), L’Art de l’en-commun (Montréal, 2014), Festival international des communs (Chieri, Italie, 2015), Festival Temps des communs (Francophonie, 2015), CommonsFest (Athènes, 2015), Procomun (Barcelone, 2016) et bien d’autres encore.De nouveaux espaces d’engagement civique appuyés sur les communs émergent enfin sous forme d’assemblées locales ou de laboratoires civiques. Les communs y jouent un rôle moteur pour penser et expérimenter le renouvellement de la démocratie. Les militants y partagent l’ambition de faire advenir des politiques basées sur les communs, la coopération des citoyens pour qu’un autre monde soit possible :<ul class="spip"><li>Pour que soient partagées des pratiques et constitués des alliances autour de la défense et création des communs</li><li>Pour que des politiques basées sur les communs émergent dans les villes, les régions et les pays</li><li>Pour faire converger les commoners et poursuivre le dialogue avec les autres mouvements alternatifs de la transition (décroissance, écologie politique, économie sociale et solidaire, etc.) autour de causes et de stratégies communes.</li></ul><h3 class="spip">Un Espace des communs autogéré et distribué</h3>L’Espace des Communs, qui sera ouvert pendant le Forum Social Mondial de Montréal sera à la disposition de toute personne ou organisme, associé de près ou de loin au mouvement des communs, qui souhaite organiser un atelier, une session de travail ou une activité de réseautage.L’espace que nous proposons s’inscrit dans l’esprit des écoles des communs, en ayant pour but de documenter et de diffuser le savoir sur les Communs à partir du partage de nos expériences et nos apprentissages, de soutenir concrètement les projets de constitution, de réappropriation et de conservation des communs, existants ou en émergence, par l’entraide et l’engagement, et de développer la posture de « commoner » par le développement les compétences créatives et collaboratives des personnes.L’Espace des Communs sera autogéré. Pas de programmation préalable, ni de thématiques imposées, mais bien un agenda ouvert et flexible permettant d’accueillir une variété d’activités et de sujets. Déjà quelques thèmes ont été proposés : Communs urbains Communs comme nouvelle sujet politique Coopérativisme ouvert et plateformes de coopérationL’Espace des Communs prendra appui sur le réseau des espaces de travail partagé (coworkings) de Montréal. Son quartier général sera situé dans les locaux d’ECTO, coworking coop [<a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://www.ecto.coop" rel="nofollow external">www.ecto.coop</a>], au cœur du Montréal créatif. D’autres espaces de coworking (Salon 1861, Temps libre) et de rencontres interculturelles pourront accueillir des activités.Le Forum social mondial est une occasion unique de rencontrer et de travailler avec des acteurs engagés du monde dans le développement des communs. Nous vous invitons à venir animer cet espace des Communs en soutenant sa réalisation, en organisant une activité ou en participant aux activités qui seront proposées. Vous pouvez le faire simplement en écrivant à l’un ou l’autre des signataires de ce message. Vous pouvez également vous abonner à la liste de diffusion que nous avons mise en place pour être tenu informé des développements du programme d’activités de l’Espace des communs : <a class="spip_out" href="http://lists.p2pfoundation.net/wws/review/wsf2016" rel="external">http://lists.p2pfoundation.net/wws/review/wsf2016</a>Au plaisir de vous rencontrer à Montréal !<ul class="spip"><li>Frédéric Sultan [fredericsultan@gmail.com]</li><li>Yves Otis [yves@percolab.com]</li><li>Kevin Flanagan [kevin@p2pfoundation.net] –</li><li><a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/" rel="nofollow external">http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/</a></li><li>Elisabetta Cangelosi [betta.cangelosi@gmail.com]</li><li>Alain Ambrosi [ambrosia@web.ca]</li><li>Abdou Salam Fall [asfall@refer.sn]</li><li>Monique Chartrand [direction@communautique.qc.ca]</li></ul>Une initiative de Gazibo, RemixtheCommons, Communautique, LARTES, Percolab et P2P Foundation, VECAM, soutenue par la Fondation pour le Progrès de l’Homme..net/</a></li> <li>Elisabetta Cangelosi [betta.cangelosi@gmail.com]</li> <li>Alain Ambrosi [ambrosia@web.ca]</li> <li>Abdou Salam Fall [asfall@refer.sn]</li> <li>Monique Chartrand [direction@communautique.qc.ca]</li> </ul> Une initiative de Gazibo, RemixtheCommons, Communautique, LARTES, Percolab et P2P Foundation, VECAM, soutenue par la Fondation pour le Progrès de l’Homme.)
Chargement/Site + (<ul> We invite you to participate in … <ul>We invite you to participate in the Commons Space which will be hosted at the the World Social Forum 2016 taking place from the 9th to the14th of August in Montreal. This is a space for experimentation, exchange and construction of commons based alternatives to the current economic model. This space will welcome and support the strategic process of convergence of commoners and social movements throughout the WSF. Here is the invitation.</ul><h3 class="spip">Commons…</h3>In 2009 at the Social Forum in Belem Chico Whitaker launched the Manifesto Reclaim the Commons which was adopted by members of the International Council of the WSF [<a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://bienscommuns.org/signature/appel/index.php?a=du&c=nfg1de" rel="nofollow external">http://bienscommuns.org/signature/appel/index.php?a=du&c=nfg1de</a>]. Since then, social movements have adopted this cause. At the WSF in Dakar in 2011, Silke Helfrich reported on the increased visibility of workshops and activities sharing the theme of thecommons.[<a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://commonsblog.wordpress.com/2011/02/15/wsf-dakar-shifting-from-the-logic-of-the-market-to-the-logic-of-the-commons/" rel="nofollow external">http://commonsblog.wordpress.com/2011/02/15/wsf-dakar-shifting-from-the-logic-of-the-market-to-the-logic-of-the-commons/</a>].In 2012, the commons was the central slogan of the People’s Summit in Rio calling « for Social and Environmental Justice in defense of the commons, against the commodification of life ».[<a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://rio20.net/en/propuestas/final-declaration-of-the-people%E2%80%99s-summit-in-rio-20/" rel="nofollow external">http://rio20.net/en/propuestas/final-declaration-of-the-people%E2%80%99s-summit-in-rio-20/</a>] Again in 2012 on International Earth Day in Montreal at one of the biggest rallies of the « Printemps érable » (Maple Spring) protestors carried signs, flags and banners calling for the protection of the commons from privatization.Ideas and practices based on Commons, P2P, Open Cooperativism continue to grow and are being developed by activists in many areas : Social Solidarity Economy, Collaborative & Sharing Economy, resistance to enclosure such as land grabs, defending water as a commons,Struggles against financialization and Climate change to name but a few. Activists find each other at events and festivals dedicated to the commons, like Afropixel (Dakar, 2012), Pixelache Festival (Helsinki,, 2014), Art of Commoning (Montreal, 2014), International Festival of the Commons (Chieri, Italy, 2015), Festival Temps des communs (Francophonie, 2015), CommonsFest (Athens, 2015), Procomun (Barcelona, 2016), and many more.With a shared ambition to make another world possible activists are working together to develop commons based policies that deepen citizen participation. In local assemblies and civic laboratories, new spaces for civic engagement based on the commons are emerging. Commons are playing a leading role in the development of new thinking essential to the renewal of democracy.Sharing practices and building alliances for the defense and creation of the commons, Developing and sharing commons based policies for cities, regions and countries, Building a convergence of commoners through continued dialogue on shared causes and strategies with movements working on transition such as : Degrowth, Political Ecology, Social Solidarity Economy, etc.<h3 class="spip">Self organized and distributed Commons Space</h3>The Commons Space at the WSF in Montreal will be open for the duration of the forum to anyone or any organization that is concerned with the commons, and wants to organize a workshop or any activity.We propose a space in the spirit of the School of the Commons which aims at :<ul class="spip"><li>documenting and disseminating knowledge on the Commons based on shared experiences and learning.</li><li>to concretely support the creation, reappropriation or conservation of existing and emerging commons through actions or projects based on mutual assistance and commitment.</li><li>to develop the practice of Commoning based on creative and collaborative skills and as a way of life.</li></ul>There will be an open and flexible schedule to accommodate a variety of activities and topics including both pre-programmed events and space for impromtu sessions. Most importantly we wish invite you to participate in the assemblies and convergence sessions.The following topics have already been proposed :<ul class="spip"><li>Urban Commons/City as a Commons/Municipal Movements</li><li>The Common as a New Political Subject</li><li>Open/Platform Cooperativism</li></ul>The Commons Space will be open and distributed in Montréal, in collaboration with the coworking spaces in the city. Its headquarters will be located at ECTO, a coworking coop [<a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://www.ecto.coop" rel="nofollow external">www.ecto.coop</a>] in the heart of creative Montreal. Other coworking spaces (Salon 1861, Temps libre) and inter-cultural places will host activities.The WSF is a unique opportunity to connect and work with activists from all over the world North/South/East/West to progress the cause of the Commons. This is an open call for proposals and activities. We invite you and your organisation to participate in co-organizing and facilitating the Commons Space. You can express your interest in participating and submit proposals for workshops, presentation, arts and cultural interventions simply by writing to the signatories of this announcement. To participate in discussion and to keep informed as the program of activities develops you can sign up to our mailing list.<a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://lists.p2pfoundation.net/wws/review/wsf2016" rel="nofollow external">http://lists.p2pfoundation.net/wws/review/wsf2016</a>Looking forward seeing you in MTL<ul class="spip"><li>Frédéric Sultan [fredericsultan@gmail.com]</li><li>Yves Otis [yves@percolab.com]</li><li>Kevin Flanagan [kevin@p2pfoundation.net] – <a class="spip_url spip_out auto" href="http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/" rel="nofollow external">http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/</a></li><li>Elisabetta Cangelosi [betta.cangelosi@gmail.com]</li><li>Alain Ambrosi [ambrosia@web.ca]</li><li>Abdou Salam Fall [asfall@refer.sn]</li><li>Monique Chartrand [direction@communautique.qc.ca]</li></ul>This is an initiative of Gazibo, Remix the Commons, Communautique, LARTES, percolab, P2P Foundation, VECAM, and supported by the Foundation for Human Progress.l">http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/</a></li> <li>Elisabetta Cangelosi [betta.cangelosi@gmail.com]</li> <li>Alain Ambrosi [ambrosia@web.ca]</li> <li>Abdou Salam Fall [asfall@refer.sn]</li> <li>Monique Chartrand [direction@communautique.qc.ca]</li> </ul> This is an initiative of Gazibo, Remix the Commons, Communautique, LARTES, percolab, P2P Foundation, VECAM, and supported by the Foundation for Human Progress.)
Politique de l'eau en France + (Cette vidéo réalisée par les agences de l' … Cette vidéo réalisée par les agences de l'eau à l'occasion du 6ème Forum mondial de l'eau retrace l'histoire de la politique de l'eau, les principes, les enjeux et décrit les acteurs qui la mettent en œuvre. Cette reconstruction est faite à partir des lois principales adoptées à niveau national et européen et elle essaie d'encadrer ces mesures dans l'évolution de l'économie française. La vidéo explique aussi le fonctionnement des instances de gouvernance et contrôle créées à cette fin.ouvernance et contrôle créées à cette fin.)
La Gestion de l'eau en France + (Dans cette vidéo de la chaîne Youtube « Le … Dans cette vidéo de la chaîne Youtube « Le monde de l'hydrobiologie » il nous est expliqué comment la gestion de l'eau s'articule en France. On retrouve une présentation synthétique des trois grandes lois (1964 Gestion de l'eau par grands bassins, 1992 Loi sur l'eau, 2006 Loi sur l'eau et les milieux aquatiques) autour desquelles cette gestion est aménagée. Pour chacune des lois il y a une description des mesures et des organes spécifiques mis en place pour régler la gestion de l'eau. en place pour régler la gestion de l'eau.)
Chapitre 3 : Auto-organiser le soin en commun + (L'urgence de la crise du Covid a créé une … L'urgence de la crise du Covid a créé une situation où les professionnels de la santé ont pu dans beaucoup de cas reprendre le contrôle de l'activité soignante en implémentant des formes de gouvernance participative et centrées sur le service offert à la population. Qu'est qu'il faut retenir de ces expériences pour les prolonger au-delà d'une situation exceptionnelle ? Comment se charger collectivement du soin et faire de la santé une véritable commun ?t faire de la santé une véritable commun ?)
Administration coopérative et communs à Grenoble + (Le 28 mars 2022, le conseil municipal de Grenoble a délibéré et validé les principes d’une politique de démocratie plus contributive en s’appuyant sur la notion des communs, de la coopération et des exemples italiens des pactes de collaboration.)
Assemblée des communs française + (L’Assemblée des communs est une rencontre nationale pour mettre les communs à l’agenda, partager les expériences et les relier, débattre, se doter d’outils et de stratégies pour la reconnaissance des communs.)
European Commons Assembly + (European Commons Assembly is an ongoing pr … European Commons Assembly is an ongoing process that facilitates pluralistic debate regarding the strategy and agenda for a fundamentally united political vision. It supports activists’ continued engagement in concrete, collaborative and bottom-up actions and campaigns in Europe, and ultimately helps to build a flourishing European political civil society movement for the commons. The main objectives were defined in the initial meeting CommonsWatch (see Commons Watch Report):* to stand in solidarity around our diverse struggles for the commons,* to exchange experiences, case studies and other information,* to develop and govern resources in an open, participatory and inclusive manner (funding, infrastructures...) to support our activities,* to develop policies to preserve the commons and commoners and participate in lawmaking processes,* to strenghten, gain visibility and campaign betterghten, gain visibility and campaign better)
Justice transitionnelle: l'expérience Marocaine + (Project Justice transitionnelle, l'expérie … Project Justice transitionnelle, l'expérience Marocaine aims to share videos about the process of transitional justice and community reparation and to preserve memory of victim communities during “the years of lead” in Morocco and what kinds of public hearings took place, in fact those hearings gave the highlight of an extensive process of citizen deliberation, compassion and free expression in Morocco. They also talked about lots of stories about how community reparation project aimed to improve the living conditions of the people in victim communities and empower them. In fact, those materials mainly focused on women and children.ials mainly focused on women and children.)

Construire du Logement pour Tous + (Les grands principes et les expériences anglaises et belges des Community Land Trust.)

Ici, ailleurs... la terre qui nous nourrit + (''Ici, ailleurs... la terre qui nous nourr … ''Ici, ailleurs... la terre qui nous nourrit'' suit l’itinéraire de Gavin, jeune maraîcher bio anglais qui travaille dans une ferme du sud de l’Angleterre. Confronté à la perte de ses terres agricoles, il prend conscience de la difficulté de trouver des terres pour développer des projets d’agriculture de proximité comme le sien. Il part alors à la rencontre d’autres fermiers européens qui ont eux aussi bataillé pour trouver des terres et les conserver dans la durée. Ce faisant, il rencontre des organisations qui se mobilisent pour préserver les terres nourricières et faciliter l’installation d’une nouvelle génération d’agriculteurs.Introduction très concrète à la question de l’accès à la terre en Europe, ce film offre le panorama d’un mouvement en émergence qui voit fermiers, citoyens et orgnisations de la société civile s’unir pour préserver des terres pour une agriculture et une alimentation de proximité et de qualité.Plus d'information : * http://www.accesstoland.eu/film-Land-for-our-food* http://www.accesstoland.eu/IMG/pdf/overview_-_the_land_for_our_food.pdfG/pdf/overview_-_the_land_for_our_food.pdf)
Land Rush - Why Poverty? + (75% of Mali's population are farmers, but … 75% of Mali's population are farmers, but rich, land-hungry nations like China and Saudi Arabia are leasing Mali's land in order to turn large areas into agribusiness farms. Many Malian peasants do not welcome these efforts, seeing them as yet another manifestation of imperialism. As Mali experiences a military coup, the developers are scared off - but can Mali's farmers combat food shortages and escape poverty on their own terms?ges and escape poverty on their own terms?)
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote> In the coming … <blockquote> In the coming months, three of the partners of Remix The Commons, LARTES, Communautique and VECAM, will initiate an experiment to formalize popular workshops for mapping the commons, develop tools and a free and open practice manual (FLOSS manual) for share this work with those who want the lead it in their own community. </ blockquote>Mapping Common in Africa (Cartographier les Communs en Afrique) is an initiative whose center of gravity is located in Senegal, between Saint Louis and Dakar. It is to design an ambitious and popular process of learning and empowering people on their commons. It mobilizes activists, intellectuals and researchers from different geographical and cultural backgrounds and disciplinary who share the ambition to rebuild commitment and citizen participation on public property.Commons are goods or things that do not belong to anyone in particular, but whose use is common to all, and management established on a cooperative and democratic basis, ie it allows each to take part in the development of rules and decisions that affect himself.Examine commons from the point of view of production of social and symbolic links, is questioning how men are all together human community and how by accident or necessity, they can show their capacity to know or not that they are trying to consolidate this link or to lose it, how they are able or not to build and take care of commons (Abdourahmane Seck).Based on the experiences and issues specific to the African continent, the Commons Mapping Project in Africa is to develop methods of interpretation and representation, including mapping, of the issues relative to the commons, to systematize and to organize their mutual enrichment in an open and collaborative base for the purpose of empowering people.This project will contribute to the networking of commoners in Africa, and to strengthen their interaction with the rest of the world, through the sharing of visions and practices and the contribution to the development of methods and tools for mapping the commons.Folow this work (in French) in the <a href="http://wiki.remixthecommons.org/index.php/Communs_en_Afrique">wiki</a> of Remix The Commons and read more in the <a href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/fr/2014/07/cartographier-…uns-en-afrique/">French version of this post</a>.ix The Commons and read more in the <a href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/fr/2014/07/cartographier-…uns-en-afrique/">French version of this post</a>.)
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote> Interview de P … <blockquote> Interview de Philippe Minard sur l’ouvrage de l’historien britannique E. P. Thompson: Whigs and Hunters : The Origin of the Black Act, traduit et publié en français en 2014.</blockquote><iframe loading="lazy" frameborder="0" width="400" height="225" src="http://www.dailymotion.com/embed/video/x1b1xbe?logo=0" allowfullscreen></iframe> <a href="http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1b1xbe_philippe-minard-boite-a-idees_news" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Philippe Minard. Boîte à Idées</a> par <a href="http://www.dailymotion.com/Mediapart" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mediapart</a>A propos de la Guerre des Forêts, de Edward P. ThompsonL’ouvrage, paru à Londres en 1975, est une enquête vivante d’histoire sociale : au début du XVIIIe siècle, un conflit oppose, d’un côté, les propriétaires et administrateurs de la forêt – celle de Windsor notamment – et, de l’autre, ses usagers. Au point qu’une loi promulguée en 1723 punit de mort certains des usages coutumiers : ce « Black Act », ainsi nommé parce que les braconniers se couvraient le visage de suie, est particulièrement impitoyable : si un vol de cerf est un crime capital, l’abattage de jeunes arbres ou la mutilation du bétail peuvent conduire aussi la potence. Les habitants des forêts opposent, à cette répression « sanguinaire », le droit coutumier des usages collectifs (droits de pâturage, d’extraction de tourbe, d’abattage et de ramassage du bois…).Ainsi, outre la mise en place d’une évidente « politique de classes », ce que Thompson, grande figure intellectuelle inspirée par le marxisme et pionnier de « l’histoire par le bas », nous oblige à penser, c’est un monde dans lequel survivaient, avant que le XVIIIe siècle ne les arase au profit d’une conception exclusive, des modes et des degrés de propriété fort différents : « Ce qui était en jeu, écrit-il, (…) c’était des définitions concurrentes du droit de la propriété : pour le propriétaire terrien, l’enclosure ; pour le petit paysan, les droits collectifs ; pour les autorités de la forêt, les “chasses gardées” des cerfs ; pour les habitants des forêts, le droit de prélever de la tourbe ».Selon Philippe Minard, c’est l’un des aspects les plus frappants de cet ouvrage : « Thompson nous aide à penser la diversité des régimes d’accès possibles, tout ce qui existe entre la propriété individuelle et l’absence totale de propriété. » Resurgi dans les années 1970, à la faveur de l’écologie (quand il a fallu déterminer à qui appartenaient les forêts, les océans ou encore l’atmosphère, en passe d’être durablement souillés), ce questionnement s’est poursuivi avec le développement d’Internet. Depuis la fin des années 1990, des activistes se battent contre tout ce qui entrave la circulation et l’appropriation collective des connaissances, en faisant explicitement référence aux pratiques des droits collectifs et des commons. Il se déroule sur le Net, selon eux, ce que Thompson décrivait dans les forêts anglaises : « Un conflit entre les utilisateurs et les exploiteurs. »Extrait de : A l’usage de tous. « La Guerre des forêts », d’Edward P. Thompson dans LE MONDE DES LIVRES | 23.01.2014 | Julie Clarini ;/p> Extrait de : A l’usage de tous. « La Guerre des forêts », d’Edward P. Thompson dans LE MONDE DES LIVRES | 23.01.2014 | Julie Clarini )
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote>6 mois après l’ … <blockquote>6 mois après l’espace des communs au Forum Social Mondial, notre outil de documentation / jeu de carte sur les communs est prêt à circuler, animer des conversations et vous aider à faire avancer les communs près de chez vous !</blockquote><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" src="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/IMG_0071-1024x768-300x225.jpg" alt="IMG_0071-1024x768" width="800" height="600" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-4621" />C@rtes en Commun est un jeu où 2 à 5 joueurs collaborant pour construire une société civile résiliente qui défend les communs contre les forces d’accaparement. Outre le plaisir de jouer, C@rtes en commun a été imaginé comme un moyen de documenter la présence des communs à l’Espace de communs, dispositif éphémère de rencontre au Forum Social Mondial à Montréal qui se déroulait en août 2016. Les cartes qui composent le jeu ont été conçues par les personnes présentes volontaires qui ont partagé leur vision et leur expérience des communs sur la base d’un design du jeu réalisé par Mathhieu Rhéaume et son équipe. Cette expérience permet de penser qu’il serait possible d’utiliser une même approche et ces outils méthodologiques pour documenter les communs dans d’autres contextes locaux, votre quartier, ou thématique comme les communs de la connaissance par exemple. Nous avons hâte de pouvoir mener de telles expériences ! Pour en savoir plus sur le jeu, visitez le <a href="http://cartesencommun.cc/">site Internet</a>. Le jeu est publié à la demande par The Game Crafter aux USA pour le prix de 22,99 $US l’unité plus frais de port et de douane via : <a href="https://www.thegamecrafter.com/games/c-rtes-en-commun">https://www.thegamecrafter.com/</a> Pour réduire les frais de port et douane pour les européens, nous lançons une commande groupée et nous espérons que cela ramènera le coût de chaque jeu livré en Europe à environ de 30/35 $US. Si vous souhaitez participer à cette première commande groupée, <a href="https://goo.gl/forms/UdXsgNWxqklo4bJq2">remplissez le formulaire</a> avant le 18 mars à 20:00 GMT: Vous devrez aussi versez une avance correspondant uniquement au prix du ou des jeux commandés. Le reste à payer (port et douane) vous sera demandé une fois la commande terminée, lorsque nous connaîtrons les coûts des frais postaux et de douane. Ensuite, soyez patient ! La commande groupée sera initiée le 18 mars et arrivera à Paris au cours du mois d’avril. Dès leur arrivée à Paris, les jeux seront expédiés par la poste à leurs destinataires. et arrivera à Paris au cours du mois d’avril. Dès leur arrivée à Paris, les jeux seront expédiés par la poste à leurs destinataires. )
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote>4 … <blockquote>4 octobre 2022 de 15h à 17h CET (en ligne) | Nous vous invitons à <a href="http://formularis.commonscloud.coop/659156" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">participer à l’évènement</a> organisé par le Groupe de travail Écosystème des Communs (<a href="https://femprocomuns.coop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">FemProcomuns</a> (Catalunya, Espagne), <a href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/fr/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Remix the Commons</a> (Francophonie), <a href="https://www.babalex.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">B.A.Balex</a> (France), <a href="https://projetcollectif.ca/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Projet Collectif</a> (Québec) , <a href="https://www.solidariusitalia.it/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solidarius</a> (Italie).</blockquote><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="alignright wp-image-4211" src="https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR.png" sizes="(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" srcset="https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR.png 3780w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-150x150.png 150w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-300x300.png 300w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-768x768.png 768w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-1024x1024.png 1024w" alt="" width="275" height="275" />Écosystème de Transition est une série de rencontres organisées par le <a href="https://femprocomuns.coop/portfolio/transitant-transitioning/?lang=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Groupe d’Activité Coopérative (GAC ) en Transition </a>de la coopérative Catalane femProcomuns, dans le but de travailler collectivement sur les défis liés aux domaines clés de l’économie : énergie, territoire, eau, alimentation, soins, logement, volontariat, méthodologies…, du point de vue de la production, de l’approvisionnement et des impacts environnementaux, avec une vision basée sur les communs (guidée par le modèle de soutenabilité des communs, mais avec le désir d’apprendre et d’incorporer d’autres modèles et artefacts) et avec la participation de divers acteurs, de Catalogne et d’ailleurs.Dans le modèle socio-économique des communs, les gens s’auto-organisent pour résoudre les besoins et les défis à partir d’une logique communautaire et soutenable. Les communs sont un modèle d’organisation sociale et économique qui échappe au marché et à l’État. En plus des nombreux exemples de communs traditionnels qui ont maintenu des formes de production et de reproduction singulières au fil des siècles, ces dernières décennies ont vu naître des projets technologiques, urbains et culturels, dont certains utilisent des licences libres et ouvertes ou des modèles de distribution du pouvoir pour une production démocratique. Ces projets sont singuliers, mais ils partagent certains principes et qualités.Dans ce contexte, femProcomuns (coopérative intégrale d’utilisateurs et de travailleurs) proposons une rencontre, pour favoriser la mise en réseau et la coopération autour des leçons apprises ces 5 dernières années, dans différents espaces en Catalogne et ailleurs.La session aura lieu en ligne le 4 octobre, de 15h00 à 17h00 : (traduction simultannée Catalan, Espagnol, Anglais et Français) Plus de détails à venir.Au fil des années, nous avons constaté que la dimension relationnelle des communautés où se situent les projets est le principal élément qui rend les projets communs. En plus de choisir et de connaître les outils nécessaires (technologiques, mécanismes juridiques, de gestion…), il est essentiel que les personnes qui appartiennent à la communauté partagent des intérêts, s’identifient au projet, s’auto-organisent et s’autogèrent, et sachent comment mobiliser les ressources dont elles ont besoin, comment organiser le mode de production, où trouver les connaissances dont elles ont besoin et avoir une politique sur le partage des connaissances qu’elles génèrent. Lorsqu’il s’agit d’une communauté existante avec des liens sociaux antérieurs et auto-organisée, ce sera plus facile. Et s’il s’agit d’un groupe, qui veut activer une nouvelle communauté, il sera nécessaire de planifier soigneusement le projet.<a id="set-post-thumbnail" class="thickbox" href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-admin/media-upload.php?post_id=6850&type=image&TB_iframe=1" aria-describedby="set-post-thumbnail-desc"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="attachment-266x266 size-266x266 alignleft" src="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-342x342.png" sizes="(max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px" srcset="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-342x342.png 342w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-607x607.png 607w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-768x768.png 768w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo.png 794w" alt="" width="266" height="266" /></a>Nous avons testé le modèle de soutenabilité des communs, nous avons élaboré des textes explicatifs détaillant le cadre théorique et conceptuel et nous avons développé un kit de ressources avec des outils visuels et des jeux pour explorer et travailler sur des projets dans une perspective plus communautaire, écologique et féministe.Nous voulons partager cette expérience accumulée avec des acteurs qui partagent cet horizon du commun, écologique, démocratique, féministe… et qui sont sensibles à l’importance de l’activation des économies locales, par l’action communautaire et par l’innovation citoyenne ; des acteurs (initiatives de base, entreprises sociales, coopératives, laboratoires citoyens…) actifs en Catalogne, en Europe et au-delà, avec lesquels partager des infrastructures, des connaissances, des méthodologies et des outils.Nous voulons également connaître les expériences et les méthodologies menées par d’autres agents, partager des pratiques, des visions et des idées avec des projets d’autres endroits en Catalogne, en France ou au Québec. Nous vous invitons à participer à la session en ligne et à partager la manière dont vous mettez en œuvre votre pratique. La session, de deux heures seulement, ne permettra pas à chacun de présenter oralement, mais nous recueillerons toutes les initiatives par écrit dans un pad (bloc-notes), et nous poursuivrons la conversation à travers un <a href="https://agora.commonscloud.coop/c/transitant" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">espace de l’Agora</a> que nous avons aménagé pour parler de la transition vers les communs.Écosystème de Transition, est financé par la ligne L2 Projets Singulières pour promouvoir l’économie sociale et solidaire, création de coopératives et projets d’intercoopération, de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Département de l’entreprise et du travail. Direction générale de l’économie sociale et solidaire, du troisième secteur et des coopératives. , est financé par la ligne L2 Projets Singulières pour promouvoir l’économie sociale et solidaire, création de coopératives et projets d’intercoopération, de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Département de l’entreprise et du travail. Direction générale de l’économie sociale et solidaire, du troisième secteur et des coopératives. )
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote>4 … <blockquote>4 octobre 2022 de 15h à 17h CET (en ligne) | Nous vous invitons à <a href="http://formularis.commonscloud.coop/659156" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">participer à l’évènement</a> organisé par le Groupe de travail Écosystème des Communs (<a href="https://femprocomuns.coop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">FemProcomuns</a> (Catalunya, Espagne), <a href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/fr/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Remix the Commons</a> (Francophonie), <a href="https://www.babalex.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">B.A.Balex</a> (France), <a href="https://projetcollectif.ca/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Projet Collectif</a> (Québec) , <a href="https://www.solidariusitalia.it/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solidarius</a> (Italie).</blockquote><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="alignright wp-image-4211" src="https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR.png" sizes="(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" srcset="https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR.png 3780w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-150x150.png 150w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-300x300.png 300w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-768x768.png 768w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-1024x1024.png 1024w" alt="" width="275" height="275" />Écosystème de Transition est une série de rencontres organisées par le <a href="https://femprocomuns.coop/portfolio/transitant-transitioning/?lang=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Groupe d’Activité Coopérative (GAC ) en Transition </a>de la coopérative Catalane femProcomuns, dans le but de travailler collectivement sur les défis liés aux domaines clés de l’économie : énergie, territoire, eau, alimentation, soins, logement, volontariat, méthodologies…, du point de vue de la production, de l’approvisionnement et des impacts environnementaux, avec une vision basée sur les communs (guidée par le modèle de soutenabilité des communs, mais avec le désir d’apprendre et d’incorporer d’autres modèles et artefacts) et avec la participation de divers acteurs, de Catalogne et d’ailleurs.Dans le modèle socio-économique des communs, les gens s’auto-organisent pour résoudre les besoins et les défis à partir d’une logique communautaire et soutenable. Les communs sont un modèle d’organisation sociale et économique qui échappe au marché et à l’État. En plus des nombreux exemples de communs traditionnels qui ont maintenu des formes de production et de reproduction singulières au fil des siècles, ces dernières décennies ont vu naître des projets technologiques, urbains et culturels, dont certains utilisent des licences libres et ouvertes ou des modèles de distribution du pouvoir pour une production démocratique. Ces projets sont singuliers, mais ils partagent certains principes et qualités.Dans ce contexte, femProcomuns (coopérative intégrale d’utilisateurs et de travailleurs) proposons une rencontre, pour favoriser la mise en réseau et la coopération autour des leçons apprises ces 5 dernières années, dans différents espaces en Catalogne et ailleurs.La session aura lieu en ligne le 4 octobre, de 15h00 à 17h00 : (traduction simultannée Catalan, Espagnol, Anglais et Français) Plus de détails à venir.Au fil des années, nous avons constaté que la dimension relationnelle des communautés où se situent les projets est le principal élément qui rend les projets communs. En plus de choisir et de connaître les outils nécessaires (technologiques, mécanismes juridiques, de gestion…), il est essentiel que les personnes qui appartiennent à la communauté partagent des intérêts, s’identifient au projet, s’auto-organisent et s’autogèrent, et sachent comment mobiliser les ressources dont elles ont besoin, comment organiser le mode de production, où trouver les connaissances dont elles ont besoin et avoir une politique sur le partage des connaissances qu’elles génèrent. Lorsqu’il s’agit d’une communauté existante avec des liens sociaux antérieurs et auto-organisée, ce sera plus facile. Et s’il s’agit d’un groupe, qui veut activer une nouvelle communauté, il sera nécessaire de planifier soigneusement le projet.<a id="set-post-thumbnail" class="thickbox" href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-admin/media-upload.php?post_id=6850&type=image&TB_iframe=1" aria-describedby="set-post-thumbnail-desc"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="attachment-266x266 size-266x266 alignleft" src="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-342x342.png" sizes="(max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px" srcset="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-342x342.png 342w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-607x607.png 607w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-768x768.png 768w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo.png 794w" alt="" width="266" height="266" /></a>Nous avons testé le modèle de soutenabilité des communs, nous avons élaboré des textes explicatifs détaillant le cadre théorique et conceptuel et nous avons développé un kit de ressources avec des outils visuels et des jeux pour explorer et travailler sur des projets dans une perspective plus communautaire, écologique et féministe.Nous voulons partager cette expérience accumulée avec des acteurs qui partagent cet horizon du commun, écologique, démocratique, féministe… et qui sont sensibles à l’importance de l’activation des économies locales, par l’action communautaire et par l’innovation citoyenne ; des acteurs (initiatives de base, entreprises sociales, coopératives, laboratoires citoyens…) actifs en Catalogne, en Europe et au-delà, avec lesquels partager des infrastructures, des connaissances, des méthodologies et des outils.Nous voulons également connaître les expériences et les méthodologies menées par d’autres agents, partager des pratiques, des visions et des idées avec des projets d’autres endroits en Catalogne, en France ou au Québec. Nous vous invitons à participer à la session en ligne et à partager la manière dont vous mettez en œuvre votre pratique. La session, de deux heures seulement, ne permettra pas à chacun de présenter oralement, mais nous recueillerons toutes les initiatives par écrit dans un pad (bloc-notes), et nous poursuivrons la conversation à travers un <a href="https://agora.commonscloud.coop/c/transitant" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">espace de l’Agora</a> que nous avons aménagé pour parler de la transition vers les communs.Écosystème de Transition, est financé par la ligne L2 Projets Singulières pour promouvoir l’économie sociale et solidaire, création de coopératives et projets d’intercoopération, de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Département de l’entreprise et du travail. Direction générale de l’économie sociale et solidaire, du troisième secteur et des coopératives. , est financé par la ligne L2 Projets Singulières pour promouvoir l’économie sociale et solidaire, création de coopératives et projets d’intercoopération, de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Département de l’entreprise et du travail. Direction générale de l’économie sociale et solidaire, du troisième secteur et des coopératives. )
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote>4 … <blockquote>4 octobre 2022 de 15h à 17h CET (en ligne) | Nous vous invitons à <a href="http://formularis.commonscloud.coop/659156" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">participer à l’évènement</a> organisé par le Groupe de travail Écosystème des Communs (<a href="https://femprocomuns.coop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">FemProcomuns</a> (Catalunya, Espagne), <a href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/fr/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Remix the Commons</a> (Francophonie), <a href="https://www.babalex.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">B.A.Balex</a> (France), <a href="https://projetcollectif.ca/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Projet Collectif</a> (Québec) , <a href="https://www.solidariusitalia.it/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solidarius</a> (Italie).</blockquote><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="alignright wp-image-4211" src="https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR.png" sizes="(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" srcset="https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR.png 3780w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-150x150.png 150w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-300x300.png 300w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-768x768.png 768w, https://femprocomuns.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Hule_ModeleSoutenibilite_FR-1024x1024.png 1024w" alt="" width="275" height="275" />Écosystème de Transition est une série de rencontres organisées par le <a href="https://femprocomuns.coop/portfolio/transitant-transitioning/?lang=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Groupe d’Activité Coopérative (GAC ) en Transition </a>de la coopérative Catalane femProcomuns, dans le but de travailler collectivement sur les défis liés aux domaines clés de l’économie : énergie, territoire, eau, alimentation, soins, logement, volontariat, méthodologies…, du point de vue de la production, de l’approvisionnement et des impacts environnementaux, avec une vision basée sur les communs (guidée par le modèle de soutenabilité des communs, mais avec le désir d’apprendre et d’incorporer d’autres modèles et artefacts) et avec la participation de divers acteurs, de Catalogne et d’ailleurs.Dans le modèle socio-économique des communs, les gens s’auto-organisent pour résoudre les besoins et les défis à partir d’une logique communautaire et soutenable. Les communs sont un modèle d’organisation sociale et économique qui échappe au marché et à l’État. En plus des nombreux exemples de communs traditionnels qui ont maintenu des formes de production et de reproduction singulières au fil des siècles, ces dernières décennies ont vu naître des projets technologiques, urbains et culturels, dont certains utilisent des licences libres et ouvertes ou des modèles de distribution du pouvoir pour une production démocratique. Ces projets sont singuliers, mais ils partagent certains principes et qualités.Dans ce contexte, femProcomuns (coopérative intégrale d’utilisateurs et de travailleurs) proposons une rencontre, pour favoriser la mise en réseau et la coopération autour des leçons apprises ces 5 dernières années, dans différents espaces en Catalogne et ailleurs.La session aura lieu en ligne le 4 octobre, de 15h00 à 17h00 : (traduction simultannée Catalan, Espagnol, Anglais et Français) Plus de détails à venir.Au fil des années, nous avons constaté que la dimension relationnelle des communautés où se situent les projets est le principal élément qui rend les projets communs. En plus de choisir et de connaître les outils nécessaires (technologiques, mécanismes juridiques, de gestion…), il est essentiel que les personnes qui appartiennent à la communauté partagent des intérêts, s’identifient au projet, s’auto-organisent et s’autogèrent, et sachent comment mobiliser les ressources dont elles ont besoin, comment organiser le mode de production, où trouver les connaissances dont elles ont besoin et avoir une politique sur le partage des connaissances qu’elles génèrent. Lorsqu’il s’agit d’une communauté existante avec des liens sociaux antérieurs et auto-organisée, ce sera plus facile. Et s’il s’agit d’un groupe, qui veut activer une nouvelle communauté, il sera nécessaire de planifier soigneusement le projet.<a id="set-post-thumbnail" class="thickbox" href="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-admin/media-upload.php?post_id=6850&type=image&TB_iframe=1" aria-describedby="set-post-thumbnail-desc"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="attachment-266x266 size-266x266 alignleft" src="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-342x342.png" sizes="(max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px" srcset="https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-342x342.png 342w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-607x607.png 607w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo-768x768.png 768w, https://www.remixthecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Transitant_Sessio_Internacional_EN_logo.png 794w" alt="" width="266" height="266" /></a>Nous avons testé le modèle de soutenabilité des communs, nous avons élaboré des textes explicatifs détaillant le cadre théorique et conceptuel et nous avons développé un kit de ressources avec des outils visuels et des jeux pour explorer et travailler sur des projets dans une perspective plus communautaire, écologique et féministe.Nous voulons partager cette expérience accumulée avec des acteurs qui partagent cet horizon du commun, écologique, démocratique, féministe… et qui sont sensibles à l’importance de l’activation des économies locales, par l’action communautaire et par l’innovation citoyenne ; des acteurs (initiatives de base, entreprises sociales, coopératives, laboratoires citoyens…) actifs en Catalogne, en Europe et au-delà, avec lesquels partager des infrastructures, des connaissances, des méthodologies et des outils.Nous voulons également connaître les expériences et les méthodologies menées par d’autres agents, partager des pratiques, des visions et des idées avec des projets d’autres endroits en Catalogne, en France ou au Québec. Nous vous invitons à participer à la session en ligne et à partager la manière dont vous mettez en œuvre votre pratique. La session, de deux heures seulement, ne permettra pas à chacun de présenter oralement, mais nous recueillerons toutes les initiatives par écrit dans un pad (bloc-notes), et nous poursuivrons la conversation à travers un <a href="https://agora.commonscloud.coop/c/transitant" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">espace de l’Agora</a> que nous avons aménagé pour parler de la transition vers les communs.Écosystème de Transition, est financé par la ligne L2 Projets Singulières pour promouvoir l’économie sociale et solidaire, création de coopératives et projets d’intercoopération, de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Département de l’entreprise et du travail. Direction générale de l’économie sociale et solidaire, du troisième secteur et des coopératives. , est financé par la ligne L2 Projets Singulières pour promouvoir l’économie sociale et solidaire, création de coopératives et projets d’intercoopération, de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Département de l’entreprise et du travail. Direction générale de l’économie sociale et solidaire, du troisième secteur et des coopératives. )
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote>E … <blockquote>Entrevue avec Joan Subirats(1) par Alain Ambrosi Mai 2018 </blockquote><blockquote>Joan Subirats est commissaire à la culture de la ville de Barcelone, dirigée par le groupe Barcelona en comu. Il est également professeur de sciences politiques à l’Universitat autonoma de Barcelona et fondateur de l’Institut sur la gouvernance et les politiques publiques (IGOP). Dans cette interview en anglais, il présente les enjeux de la politique culturelle pour la municipalité de Barcelone actuellement dirigée par Barcelona en Comù.</blockquote><figure style="width: 800px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="size-full" src="https://s1.qwant.com/thumbr/0x380/b/4/cf4cf4f48af794bc54dc5384e88975c9e7cd020dbccf80dc35882a989230be/joan%20subirats.jpg?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fepsu.es%2Fimage%2Fjoan%2520subirats.jpg&q=0&b=1&p=0&a=1" alt="Joan Subirats (UAB) Conferencia FEPSU 2016" width="800" height="400" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Joan Subirats (UAB) Conferencia FEPSU 2016</figcaption></figure>AA<ul>: In your recent article in La Vanguardia(2), you set out a framework for a cultural policy, you refer to putting into practice the key community values that should underpin that policy… Maybe we could start there?</ul>JS: For me, whereas in the 20th century the defining conflict was between freedom and equality – and this marked the tension between right and left throughout the 20th century because in a way this is the frame in which capitalism and the need for social protection evolved together with the commodification of life while at the same time the market called for freedom – ie: no rules, no submission. But the need for protection demanded equality. But in the 21st century there is rejection of the notion of protection linked to statism: Nancy Fraser published an article(3) in the New Left Review, it is a re-reading of Polanyi and she claims that this double movement between commodification and protection is still valid, but that the State-based protection typical of the 20th century, where equality is guaranteed by the State, clashes since the end of the 20th century with the growing importance of heterogeneity, diversity and personal autonomy. Therefore, if in order to obtain equality, we have to be dependent on what the State does, this is going to be a contradiction…. So we could translate those values that informed the definition of policies in the 20th century, in 21st century terms they would be the idea of freedom (or personal autonomy, the idea of empowerment, not subjection, non-dependence) and at the same time equality, but no longer simply equality of opportunities but also equality of condition because we have to compensate for what is not the same (equal) in society. If you say « equal opportunities », that everyone has access to cultural facilities, to libraries, you are disregarding the fact that the starting conditions of people are not the same, this is the great contribution of Amartya Sen, no? You have to compensate for unequal starting situations because otherwise you depoliticize inequality and consider that inequality is the result of people’s lack of effort to get out of poverty. So equality yes, but the approach is different. And we must incorporate the idea of diversity as a key element in the recognition of people and groups on the basis of their specific dignity. That seems easy to say, but in reality it is complicated, especially if you relate it to culture, because culture has to do with all these things: it has to do with the construction of your personality, it has to do with equal access to culture just as cultural rights and culture have to do with the recognition of different forms of knowledge and culture – canonical culture, high culture, popular culture, everyday culture, neighbourhood culture … So for me, a cultural policy should be framed within the triple focus of personal autonomy, equality and diversity. And this is contradictory, in part, with the cultural policies developed in the past, where there is usually confusion between equality and homogeneity. In other words, the left has tended to consider that equality meant the same thing for everyone and that is wrong, isn’t it?, because you are confusing equality with homogeneity. The opposite of equality is inequality, the opposite of homogeneity is diversity. So you have to work with equality and diversity as values that are not antagonistic, but can be complementary. And this is a challenge for public institutions because they do not like heterogeneity, they find it complicated because it is simpler to treat everyone the same, as the administrative law manual used to prescribe `indifferent efficiency’: it is a way of understanding inequality as indifference, right?AA<ul>: In your article you also talk about the opposition between investing in infrastructures versus creating spaces and environments that are attractive to creators and you put an emphasis on the generation of spaces. What is being done, what has been done, what could be done about this?</ul>JS : In Barcelona we want to ensure that the city’s cultural policies do not imply producing culture itself, but rather to try to influence the values in the production processes that already exist, in the facilities, in the cultural and artistic infrastructures: the role of the city council, of the municipality, is not so much to produce culture as to contribute to the production of culture. Which is different, helping to produce culture…. Obviously, the city council will give priority to those initiatives that coincide with the values, with the normative approach that we promote. There are some exceptions, for example, the Grec festival in Barcelona(4) in July, or the Mercé(5), which is the Festa Mayor, where the city council does in fact subsidize the production of culture, so some productions are subsidised but generally what we have is a policy of aid to creators. What is being done is that 11 creative factories (fablabs) have been built, these are factories with collectives that manage them chosen through public tenders. There are now 3 factories of circus and visual arts, 2 factories of dance creation, one factory of more global creation housed at Fabra & Coats, 3 theatre factories and 2 visual arts and technology sites. So there are 11 factories of different sorts and there are plans to create others, for example in the field of feminist culture where we are in discussion with a very well consolidated group : normally all these creative factories have their management entrusted to collectives that already become highly consolidated in the process of creation and that need a space to ensure their continuity. Often the city council will cede municipal spaces to these collectives, sometimes through public competitions where the creators are asked to present their project for directing a factory. This is one aspect. Another aspect is what is called living culture, which is a programme for the promotion of cultural activities that arise from the community or from collectives in the form of cooperatives and this is a process of aid to collectives that are already functioning, or occasionally to highlight cultural activities and cultural dynamics that have existed for a long time but have not been dignified, that have not been valued, for example the Catalan rumba of the Gypsies, which is a very important movement in Barcelona that emerged from the gypsy community of El Raval, where there were some very famous artists like Peret. There we invested in creating a group to work on the historical memory of the rumba, looking for the roots of this movement, where it came from and why. Then some signposts were set up in streets where this took place, such as La Cera in El Raval, where there are two murals that symbolise the history of the Catalan rumba and the gypsy community in this area so that this type of thing is publicly visible. That is the key issue for culture: a recognition that there are many different cultures.Then there is the area of civic centres: approximately 15% of the civic centres in the city are managed by civic entities as citizen heritage, and those civic centres also have cultural activities that they decide on, and the city council, the municipality helps them develop the ideas put forward by the entities that manage those centres.So, if we put all those things together, we could talk about a culture of the urban commons. It is still early stages, this is still more of a concept than a reality, but the underlying idea is that in the end the density and the autonomous cultural-social fabric will be strong enough to be resilient to political changes. In other words, that you have helped to build cultural practices and communities that are strong and autonomous enough that they are not dependent on the political conjuncture. This would be ideal. A bit like the example I often cite about the housing cooperatives in Copenhagen, that there was 50% public housing in Copenhagen, and a right-wing government privatised 17% of that public housing, but it couldn’t touch the 33% of housing that was in the hands of co-operatives. Collective social capital has been more resilient than state assets: the latter is more vulnerable to changes in political majorities.AA<ul>: You also speak of situated culture which I think is very important: setting it in time and space. Now Facebook has announced it is coming to Barcelona so the Barcelona brand is going to be a brand that includes Facebook and its allies. But your conception of a situated culture is more about a culture where social innovation, participation, popular creativity in the community are very important…</ul>JS : Yes, it seems contradictory. In fact what you’re asking is the extent to which it makes sense to talk about situated culture in an increasingly globalized environment which is more and more dependent on global platforms. I believe that tension exists and conflict exists, this is undeniable, the city is a zone of conflict, therefore, the first thing we have to accept is that the city is a battleground between political alternatives with different cultural models. It is very difficult for a city council to set out univocal views of a cultural reality that is intrinsically plural. Talking about situated culture is an attempt to highlight the significance of the distinguishing factors that Barcelona possesses in its cultural production. This does not mean that this situated culture should be a strictly localist culture – a situated culture does not mean a culture that cuts off global links – it is a culture that relates to the global on the basis of its own specificity. What is most reprehensible from my point of view are cultural dynamics that have a global logic but that can just as well be here or anywhere else. And it’s true that the platforms generate this. An example: the other day the former minister of culture of Brazil, Lluca Ferreira, was here and talked about a program of living culture they developed, and they posted a photograph of some indigenous people where the man wore something that covered his pubic parts but the woman’s breasts were naked. So Facebook took the photograph off the site, and when the Minister called Facebook Brazil to say ‘what is going on?’, they told him that they didn’t have any duty towards the Brazilian government, that the only control over them was from a judge in San Francisco and that, therefore, if the judge in San Francisco forced them to put the photograph back, they would put it back, otherwise they wouldn’t have to listen to any minister from Brazil or anywhere else. In the end, there was a public movement of protest, and they put the photo back. The same thing happened here a few days ago, a group from a municipal theatre creation factory put up a poster with a man’s ass advertising a play by Virginia Wolff and Facebook took their entire account off the net – not just the photograph, they totally removed them from Facebook. And here too Facebook said that they are independent and that only the judge from San Francisco and so on. I believe that this is the opposite of situated culture because it is a global cultural logic, but at the same time it allows itself to be censored in Saudi Arabia, in China, that is to say it has different codes in each place. So to speak of situated culture means to speak of social transformation, of the relationship between culture and social transformation situated in the context in which you are working. But at the same time to have the will to dialogue with similar processes that exist in any other part of the world and that is the strength of a situated culture. And those processes of mutuality, of hybridization, that can happen when you have a Pakistani community here, you have a Filipino community, you have a Chinese community, you have a Gypsy community, you have an Italian community, you have an Argentinean community: they can be treated as typical folkloric elements in a theme park, or you can try to generate hybridization processes. Now at the Festival Grec this year there will be poetry in Urdu from the Pakistanis, there will be a Filipino theatre coming and a Filipino film fest at the Filmoteca – and this means mixing, situating, the cultural debate in the space where it is happening and trying to steep it in issues of cultural diversity. What I understand is that we need to strive for a local that is increasingly global, that this dialogue between the local and the global is very important.AA<ul>: Returning to social innovation and popular creativity, social innovation is also a concept taken up pretty much everywhere: how is it understood here? Taking into account that in the world of the commons, Catalonia, and especially Barcelona, is very well known for its fablabs, which are also situated in this new era. How then do you understand social innovation and how do you see the relationship between education and social innovation?</ul>JS : What I am trying to convey is that the traditional education system is doing little to prepare people and to enhance inclusive logics in our changing and transforming society, so in very broad lines I would say that if health and education were the basic redistributive policies of the 20th century, in the 21st century we must incorporate culture as a basic redistributive policy. Because before, the job market had very specific demands for the education sector: it knew very well what types of job profiles it needed because there was a very Taylorist logic to the world of work – what is the profile of a baker, of a plumber, of a miller? How many years you have to study for this kind of work. There is now a great deal of uncertainty about the future of the labour market, about how people will be able to work in the future and the key words that appear are innovation, creativity, entrepreneurship, flexibility, ability to understand a diverse world, teamwork , being open to new ideas: this has little to do with traditional educational profiles, but it has much to do with culture, with things that allow you to acquire that backpack of basic tools that will help you navigate in a much more uncertain environment. And for me, to find the right connection between culture and education is very important because it allows the educational system to constantly transform itself by taking advantage of the creative potential of an environment that is much more accessible now than before because of new technologies, and therefore to make the transition from a deductive system where there is a teacher who knows and tells people what they need to know – to an inductive system: how do we explore what we need to know in order to be able to act. And that more inductive, more experimental logic has to do with creativity whereas the traditional education system didn’t postulate creativity, it postulated your ability to learn what someone else had decided you needed to study. It’s art, it is culture that allows you to play in that field much more easily … Translated from Spanish by Nancy Thede.1 Joan Subirats is Commissioner for culture in the city government of Barcelona led by the group Barcelona en comu. He is also professor of political science at the Universitat autonoma de Barcelona and founder of the Institute on Governance and Public Policy.2 « Salvara la cultura a las ciudades? », La Vanguardia (Barcelona), Culturals supplement, 12 May 2018, pp. 20-21. https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20180511/443518454074/cultura-ciudadesbarcelona-crisis.html3 Nancy Fraser, « A Triple Movement », New Left Review 81, May-June 2013. Published in Spanish in Jean-Louis Laville and José Luis Coraggio (Eds.), La izquierda del siglo XXI. Ideas y diálogo Norte-Sur para un proyecto necesario Icaria, Madrid 2018.4 Festival Grec, an annual multidisciplinary festival in Barcelona, now in its 42nd year. It is named for the Greek Theatre built for the 1929 Universal Exhibition in Barcelona: http://lameva.barcelona.cat/grec/en/.5 Barcelona’s annual ‘Festival of Festivals’ begins on Sept 24, day of Our Lady of Mercy, a city holiday in Barcelona. It especially highlights catalan and barcelonian cultural traditions and in recent years has especially featured neighbourhood cultural activities like street theatre. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Mercè.nnual ‘Festival of Festivals’ begins on Sept 24, day of Our Lady of Mercy, a city holiday in Barcelona. It especially highlights catalan and barcelonian cultural traditions and in recent years has especially featured neighbourhood cultural activities like street theatre. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Mercè.)
Chargement/Site + (<blockquote>E … <blockquote>Entrevue avec Joan Subirats(1) par Alain Ambrosi Mai 2018 </blockquote><blockquote>Joan Subirats est commissaire à la culture de la ville de Barcelone, dirigée par le groupe Barcelona en comu. Il est également professeur de sciences politiques à l’Universitat autonoma de Barcelona et fondateur de l’Institut sur la gouvernance et les politiques publiques (IGOP). Dans cette interview en anglais, il présente les enjeux de la politique culturelle pour la municipalité de Barcelone actuellement dirigée par Barcelona en Comù.</blockquote><figure style="width: 800px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="size-full" src="https://s1.qwant.com/thumbr/0x380/b/4/cf4cf4f48af794bc54dc5384e88975c9e7cd020dbccf80dc35882a989230be/joan%20subirats.jpg?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fepsu.es%2Fimage%2Fjoan%2520subirats.jpg&q=0&b=1&p=0&a=1" alt="Joan Subirats (UAB) Conferencia FEPSU 2016" width="800" height="400" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Joan Subirats (UAB) Conferencia FEPSU 2016</figcaption></figure>AA<ul>: In your recent article in La Vanguardia(2), you set out a framework for a cultural policy, you refer to putting into practice the key community values that should underpin that policy… Maybe we could start there?</ul>JS: For me, whereas in the 20th century the defining conflict was between freedom and equality – and this marked the tension between right and left throughout the 20th century because in a way this is the frame in which capitalism and the need for social protection evolved together with the commodification of life while at the same time the market called for freedom – ie: no rules, no submission. But the need for protection demanded equality. But in the 21st century there is rejection of the notion of protection linked to statism: Nancy Fraser published an article(3) in the New Left Review, it is a re-reading of Polanyi and she claims that this double movement between commodification and protection is still valid, but that the State-based protection typical of the 20th century, where equality is guaranteed by the State, clashes since the end of the 20th century with the growing importance of heterogeneity, diversity and personal autonomy. Therefore, if in order to obtain equality, we have to be dependent on what the State does, this is going to be a contradiction…. So we could translate those values that informed the definition of policies in the 20th century, in 21st century terms they would be the idea of freedom (or personal autonomy, the idea of empowerment, not subjection, non-dependence) and at the same time equality, but no longer simply equality of opportunities but also equality of condition because we have to compensate for what is not the same (equal) in society. If you say « equal opportunities », that everyone has access to cultural facilities, to libraries, you are disregarding the fact that the starting conditions of people are not the same, this is the great contribution of Amartya Sen, no? You have to compensate for unequal starting situations because otherwise you depoliticize inequality and consider that inequality is the result of people’s lack of effort to get out of poverty. So equality yes, but the approach is different. And we must incorporate the idea of diversity as a key element in the recognition of people and groups on the basis of their specific dignity. That seems easy to say, but in reality it is complicated, especially if you relate it to culture, because culture has to do with all these things: it has to do with the construction of your personality, it has to do with equal access to culture just as cultural rights and culture have to do with the recognition of different forms of knowledge and culture – canonical culture, high culture, popular culture, everyday culture, neighbourhood culture … So for me, a cultural policy should be framed within the triple focus of personal autonomy, equality and diversity. And this is contradictory, in part, with the cultural policies developed in the past, where there is usually confusion between equality and homogeneity. In other words, the left has tended to consider that equality meant the same thing for everyone and that is wrong, isn’t it?, because you are confusing equality with homogeneity. The opposite of equality is inequality, the opposite of homogeneity is diversity. So you have to work with equality and diversity as values that are not antagonistic, but can be complementary. And this is a challenge for public institutions because they do not like heterogeneity, they find it complicated because it is simpler to treat everyone the same, as the administrative law manual used to prescribe `indifferent efficiency’: it is a way of understanding inequality as indifference, right?AA<ul>: In your article you also talk about the opposition between investing in infrastructures versus creating spaces and environments that are attractive to creators and you put an emphasis on the generation of spaces. What is being done, what has been done, what could be done about this?</ul>JS : In Barcelona we want to ensure that the city’s cultural policies do not imply producing culture itself, but rather to try to influence the values in the production processes that already exist, in the facilities, in the cultural and artistic infrastructures: the role of the city council, of the municipality, is not so much to produce culture as to contribute to the production of culture. Which is different, helping to produce culture…. Obviously, the city council will give priority to those initiatives that coincide with the values, with the normative approach that we promote. There are some exceptions, for example, the Grec festival in Barcelona(4) in July, or the Mercé(5), which is the Festa Mayor, where the city council does in fact subsidize the production of culture, so some productions are subsidised but generally what we have is a policy of aid to creators. What is being done is that 11 creative factories (fablabs) have been built, these are factories with collectives that manage them chosen through public tenders. There are now 3 factories of circus and visual arts, 2 factories of dance creation, one factory of more global creation housed at Fabra & Coats, 3 theatre factories and 2 visual arts and technology sites. So there are 11 factories of different sorts and there are plans to create others, for example in the field of feminist culture where we are in discussion with a very well consolidated group : normally all these creative factories have their management entrusted to collectives that already become highly consolidated in the process of creation and that need a space to ensure their continuity. Often the city council will cede municipal spaces to these collectives, sometimes through public competitions where the creators are asked to present their project for directing a factory. This is one aspect. Another aspect is what is called living culture, which is a programme for the promotion of cultural activities that arise from the community or from collectives in the form of cooperatives and this is a process of aid to collectives that are already functioning, or occasionally to highlight cultural activities and cultural dynamics that have existed for a long time but have not been dignified, that have not been valued, for example the Catalan rumba of the Gypsies, which is a very important movement in Barcelona that emerged from the gypsy community of El Raval, where there were some very famous artists like Peret. There we invested in creating a group to work on the historical memory of the rumba, looking for the roots of this movement, where it came from and why. Then some signposts were set up in streets where this took place, such as La Cera in El Raval, where there are two murals that symbolise the history of the Catalan rumba and the gypsy community in this area so that this type of thing is publicly visible. That is the key issue for culture: a recognition that there are many different cultures.Then there is the area of civic centres: approximately 15% of the civic centres in the city are managed by civic entities as citizen heritage, and those civic centres also have cultural activities that they decide on, and the city council, the municipality helps them develop the ideas put forward by the entities that manage those centres.So, if we put all those things together, we could talk about a culture of the urban commons. It is still early stages, this is still more of a concept than a reality, but the underlying idea is that in the end the density and the autonomous cultural-social fabric will be strong enough to be resilient to political changes. In other words, that you have helped to build cultural practices and communities that are strong and autonomous enough that they are not dependent on the political conjuncture. This would be ideal. A bit like the example I often cite about the housing cooperatives in Copenhagen, that there was 50% public housing in Copenhagen, and a right-wing government privatised 17% of that public housing, but it couldn’t touch the 33% of housing that was in the hands of co-operatives. Collective social capital has been more resilient than state assets: the latter is more vulnerable to changes in political majorities.AA<ul>: You also speak of situated culture which I think is very important: setting it in time and space. Now Facebook has announced it is coming to Barcelona so the Barcelona brand is going to be a brand that includes Facebook and its allies. But your conception of a situated culture is more about a culture where social innovation, participation, popular creativity in the community are very important…</ul>JS : Yes, it seems contradictory. In fact what you’re asking is the extent to which it makes sense to talk about situated culture in an increasingly globalized environment which is more and more dependent on global platforms. I believe that tension exists and conflict exists, this is undeniable, the city is a zone of conflict, therefore, the first thing we have to accept is that the city is a battleground between political alternatives with different cultural models. It is very difficult for a city council to set out univocal views of a cultural reality that is intrinsically plural. Talking about situated culture is an attempt to highlight the significance of the distinguishing factors that Barcelona possesses in its cultural production. This does not mean that this situated culture should be a strictly localist culture – a situated culture does not mean a culture that cuts off global links – it is a culture that relates to the global on the basis of its own specificity. What is most reprehensible from my point of view are cultural dynamics that have a global logic but that can just as well be here or anywhere else. And it’s true that the platforms generate this. An example: the other day the former minister of culture of Brazil, Lluca Ferreira, was here and talked about a program of living culture they developed, and they posted a photograph of some indigenous people where the man wore something that covered his pubic parts but the woman’s breasts were naked. So Facebook took the photograph off the site, and when the Minister called Facebook Brazil to say ‘what is going on?’, they told him that they didn’t have any duty towards the Brazilian government, that the only control over them was from a judge in San Francisco and that, therefore, if the judge in San Francisco forced them to put the photograph back, they would put it back, otherwise they wouldn’t have to listen to any minister from Brazil or anywhere else. In the end, there was a public movement of protest, and they put the photo back. The same thing happened here a few days ago, a group from a municipal theatre creation factory put up a poster with a man’s ass advertising a play by Virginia Wolff and Facebook took their entire account off the net – not just the photograph, they totally removed them from Facebook. And here too Facebook said that they are independent and that only the judge from San Francisco and so on. I believe that this is the opposite of situated culture because it is a global cultural logic, but at the same time it allows itself to be censored in Saudi Arabia, in China, that is to say it has different codes in each place. So to speak of situated culture means to speak of social transformation, of the relationship between culture and social transformation situated in the context in which you are working. But at the same time to have the will to dialogue with similar processes that exist in any other part of the world and that is the strength of a situated culture. And those processes of mutuality, of hybridization, that can happen when you have a Pakistani community here, you have a Filipino community, you have a Chinese community, you have a Gypsy community, you have an Italian community, you have an Argentinean community: they can be treated as typical folkloric elements in a theme park, or you can try to generate hybridization processes. Now at the Festival Grec this year there will be poetry in Urdu from the Pakistanis, there will be a Filipino theatre coming and a Filipino film fest at the Filmoteca – and this means mixing, situating, the cultural debate in the space where it is happening and trying to steep it in issues of cultural diversity. What I understand is that we need to strive for a local that is increasingly global, that this dialogue between the local and the global is very important.AA<ul>: Returning to social innovation and popular creativity, social innovation is also a concept taken up pretty much everywhere: how is it understood here? Taking into account that in the world of the commons, Catalonia, and especially Barcelona, is very well known for its fablabs, which are also situated in this new era. How then do you understand social innovation and how do you see the relationship between education and social innovation?</ul>JS : What I am trying to convey is that the traditional education system is doing little to prepare people and to enhance inclusive logics in our changing and transforming society, so in very broad lines I would say that if health and education were the basic redistributive policies of the 20th century, in the 21st century we must incorporate culture as a basic redistributive policy. Because before, the job market had very specific demands for the education sector: it knew very well what types of job profiles it needed because there was a very Taylorist logic to the world of work – what is the profile of a baker, of a plumber, of a miller? How many years you have to study for this kind of work. There is now a great deal of uncertainty about the future of the labour market, about how people will be able to work in the future and the key words that appear are innovation, creativity, entrepreneurship, flexibility, ability to understand a diverse world, teamwork , being open to new ideas: this has little to do with traditional educational profiles, but it has much to do with culture, with things that allow you to acquire that backpack of basic tools that will help you navigate in a much more uncertain environment. And for me, to find the right connection between culture and education is very important because it allows the educational system to constantly transform itself by taking advantage of the creative potential of an environment that is much more accessible now than before because of new technologies, and therefore to make the transition from a deductive system where there is a teacher who knows and tells people what they need to know – to an inductive system: how do we explore what we need to know in order to be able to act. And that more inductive, more experimental logic has to do with creativity whereas the traditional education system didn’t postulate creativity, it postulated your ability to learn what someone else had decided you needed to study. It’s art, it is culture that allows you to play in that field much more easily … Translated from Spanish by Nancy Thede.1 Joan Subirats is Commissioner for culture in the city government of Barcelona led by the group Barcelona en comu. He is also professor of political science at the Universitat autonoma de Barcelona and founder of the Institute on Governance and Public Policy.2 « Salvara la cultura a las ciudades? », La Vanguardia (Barcelona), Culturals supplement, 12 May 2018, pp. 20-21. https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20180511/443518454074/cultura-ciudadesbarcelona-crisis.html3 Nancy Fraser, « A Triple Movement », New Left Review 81, May-June 2013. Published in Spanish in Jean-Louis Laville and José Luis Coraggio (Eds.), La izquierda del siglo XXI. Ideas y diálogo Norte-Sur para un proyecto necesario Icaria, Madrid 2018.4 Festival Grec, an annual multidisciplinary festival in Barcelona, now in its 42nd year. It is named for the Greek Theatre built for the 1929 Universal Exhibition in Barcelona: http://lameva.barcelona.cat/grec/en/.5 Barcelona’s annual ‘Festival of Festivals’ begins on Sept 24, day of Our Lady of Mercy, a city holiday in Barcelona. It especially highlights catalan and barcelonian cultural traditions and in recent years has especially featured neighbourhood cultural activities like street theatre. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Mercè.nnual ‘Festival of Festivals’ begins on Sept 24, day of Our Lady of Mercy, a city holiday in Barcelona. It especially highlights catalan and barcelonian cultural traditions and in recent years has especially featured neighbourhood cultural activities like street theatre. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Mercè.)